Northeast region
Culture
Having been the first region effectively colonized by the Portuguese in the sixteenth century, who then found the native populations were followed by Africans brought as slaves, the Northeastern culture is very private, quaint, extremely varied. Its base is Luso-Brazilian, with large African influences, particularly on the coast of Pernambuco to Bahia and Maranhão, and Amerindian, especially in the semi-arid
The cultural wealth of this region is visible beyond its folkloric and popular. Literature Northeast has given contributions to the Brazilian literary scene, especially names like Jorge Amado, José de Alencar, Joao Cabral de Melo Neto, Rachel de Queiroz, Clarice Lispector, Graciliano Ramos and Manuel Bandeira, among many others. Maranhão is the northeastern state that stood out and still stands out in the field of National Literature, with such writers: Gonçalves Dias, Aluísio Anderson, Arthur Anderson, Coelho Neto, Sousândrade, Viriato Correia, Gullar Jose Louzeiro Jose Sarney Raimundo Correia, Joshua Montello and many outros.No Ceará, the movement of Spiritual Bakery in the late nineteenth century, anticipated some of the renovations brought with modernism in the 1920s the next century.
In literature we can cite the popular literature of string that goes back to the colonial period (the string literature came with the Portuguese and has its origins in the Middle Ages in Europe) and numerous artistic manifestations of popular stamp that manifest orally, such as the singers of outbursts and bundled.
In classical music, stood out as a composer Alberto Nepomuceno and Paurillo Barroso, and the Ceará Liduina Pitombeira today, and as conductor Eleazar de Carvalho. Northeastern rhythms and melodies also inspired composers such as Heitor Villa-Lobos (whose Bachiana Brazil N ° 5, for example, in its second part - the Hammer Dance - alludes to the backwoods of Cariri).
In popular music, stand out rhythms such as coco, xaxado, hammer agalopado, samba de roda, baião, Xote, Forró, Frevo Axe and, among other rhythms. The armorial movement of Recife, inspired by Ariano Suassuna, has done a scholarly appreciation of this heritage rhythmic northeastern popular (one of his best-known exponents are the singer Antônio Nóbrega).
In dance, we highlight the Maracatu, practiced in different parts of Northeast, Frevo (characteristic of Pernambuco) bumba-meu-boi, the xaxado many variants of forró, the barrel-of-Creole (characteristic of Maranhão) etc.. The folk songs are almost always accompanied by dancing.
The craft is also an important part of cultural production from the Northeast, including the livelihoods of thousands of people throughout the region. Due to the variety of regional traditions of craftsmanship, it is difficult to characterize them all, but stand out woven and networks, sometimes embroidered with many details; products made of clay, wood (for example, carnauba, a typical tree of hinterland) and leather, with very specific features, besides the rent, which gained prominence in the craft of Ceará. Another highlight are the bottles with images made by hand in colored sand, an article produced for sale to tourists. In Maranhao, the highlights are handicrafts made fiber buriti (palm), as well as handicrafts and products from babassu (a palm native to the Maranhão).
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Climate
The Northeast region of Brazil presents the average annual temperature varies from 20 ° to 28 ° C. In the areas situated above 200 meters and on the east coast, temperatures range from 24 ° to 26 ° C. The annual averages below 20 ° C are found in higher areas of Chapada Diamantina and the Borborema plateau. The rate of annual precipitation ranges from 300 to 2000 mm. Three of the four types of climates that exist in Brazil are present in the Northeast, they are:
Equatorial Humid Climate: present in a small part of the state of Maranhao, on the border with Pará; Coastal Humid Climate: present the coast from Bahia to Rio Grande do Norte;
Tropical Weather: in the states of Bahia, Ceara, Maranhao and Piaui;
Tropical Semiarid Climate: present throughout the interior Northeast.
With average rainfall of less than 300mm of rainfall per year, which occur during a maximum of three months, giving vent to droughts that sometimes last more than ten months, Cabaceiras Paraiba has the title of the city's driest country.
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Tourism
The coast is the main attraction of the region. Millions of tourists disembarking at airports Northeast. A few years states have been investing heavily in improving infrastructure, creation of new tourist spots, and some in the development of ecotourism.
Ecotourism is still little explored in the Northeast, but has great potential. Still, among the ten leading ecotourism destinations in Brazil, appear four landscapes located in northeastern Brazil, where you can choose between islands (Archipelago of Fernando de Noronha Pernambuco), dunes (Maranhenses Maranhão), the Atlantic forest at high altitude (Chapada Diamantina in Bahia) and archeology in caatinga (Parque Nacional da Serra da Capivara Piauí).
The archipelago of Fernando de Noronha is also gaining prominence nationally and globally, through the islands is possible to see dolphins jumping. Another important place is the National Park Maranhenses, a complex of dunes, rivers, lakes and wetlands. In Piaui, are the national parks Seven Cities, saw the Confusions and saw the Capybara with rock formations and cave paintings. Apart from its coastline has the Delta of. Another highlight are the dunes and camels Genipabu and the largest cashew tree in the world, both in Rio Grande do Norte.
The culture of the region is also an attraction for tourists. All states have different traditions and festivals. Olinda, Pernambuco, Brazil with traces of the Netherlands, Sao Luis, Maranhao, with France Equinoctial, Salvador, Bahia, with the political and administrative headquarters of Colonial Brazil, and Porto Seguro and Santa Cruz de Cabrália in Bahia with the arrival of squadrons of the discovery of Brazil, are the historical and cultural attractions of the region, the first three considered cultural heritage by UNESCO.
The religious tourism is growing increasingly in the region, especially the municipalities of Juazeiro do Norte and Canindé, both in Ceara, and Bom Jesus da Lapa in Bahia. Also highlighted the city of Santa Cruz in Rio Grande do Norte, with the construction of the Alto de Santa Rita, which will be the largest statue of America. Another city that has stood out is San Jose de Ribamar, in Maranhao, which in September contains a large number of faithful from the northeastern states and the state of Pará There is even a large statue of St. Joseph, which can be accessed by visitors, which has a view of the sea. ___________________________________________________________
Food
The cuisine is varied Northeast, reflecting almost always the economic and productive and diverse landscapes geoeconomic this region. Seafood and fish are widely used in cooking the coast, while in the interior, dominated recipes that use meat products of cattle, goat and sheep. Still, there are many regional differences in both the variety of dishes and in its form of preparation (for example, in Ceara, the predominant mugunzá - also called macunzá or mucunzá - salty, while in Pernambuco, predominantly sweet). In Maranhao, stands out Cuxá, Rice Cuxá, Bobo (food made from a herb called vinegar), the stone fish, shrimp and delicious cake, in the style of Maranhão. Also in Maranhao stands soda gurana Jesus or Jesus that is worth Maranhao, as the cake-of-roll is immaterial heritage of Pernambuco. Some typical foods of the region are: baião-of-two, the sun-dried meat, cheese curds, vatapá, acarajé, the pot and buchada, the hominy, beans and coconut rice, beans , cooked and mussels, and various sweets made of papaya, dome, orange, etc.. Some regional fruits - not necessarily native to the region - are the red mombin fruit caja, buriti the cajarana the umbu, the macaw, fruits juçara Maranhão, bacuri, cupuaçu buriti murici and pitomba, and also common in other other regions.
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Parties
And at the festivities, the Northeast has several events that occur throughout the year:
During Carnival there are highlights for the festivals of Salvador, Recife, Olinda and Caico respectively the first, second and third biggest carnivals of the region.In authorities consider the latter two are more democratic because it is not necessary to purchase abadás to laughs, and within other states. The micaretas carnivals that are out of season, we highlight the "Carnatal" on Christmas, the "Fortaleza" in Fortaleza, the "Pre-Cashew" in Aracaju, and "Micarande" in Campina Grande. There is also the "Bumba-meu-boi" in St Louis
When you get close to St. John, the cities of Caruaru in Pernambuco and Paraiba in Campina Grande vie for the title of "Capital do Forró". Also stand out for their St. John the cities of Juazeiro do Norte in Ceara; Mossoró in Rio Grande do Norte, and Sergipe in Aracaju.
There are also music festivals as "Piauí Pop" in Teresina, the "Mada" in Christmas, "the Abril Pro Rock in Recife, the" Ceara Music "in Fortaleza, the" Summer Fest Paraíba "in Joao Pessoa, and" Summer Festival Salvador "in Salvador.
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